Apocleinae
Amblyonychus
Eccritosia
Furcilla
Mallophora
Megaphorus
Nevadasilus
Proctacanthella
Proctacanthus *
Promachella
Promachus
Efferia-group
Albibarbefferia
Aridefferia
Carinefferia
Efferia
Nerax
Pogonioefferia
Triorla
Tuberculefferia

Nearctic species:

1. Proctacanthus arno Townsend, 1895
2. Proctacanthus brevipennis (Wiedemann, 1828)
3. Proctacanthus coquillettii Hine, 1911
4. Proctacanthus duryi Hine, 1911
5. Proctacanthus fulviventris Macquart, 1850
6. Proctacanthus gracilis Bromley, 1928
7. Proctacanthus heros (Wiedemann, 1828)
8. Proctacanthus hinei Bromley, 1928
9. Proctacanthus longus (Wiedemann, 1821)
10. Proctacanthus micans Schiner, 1867
11. Proctacanthus milbertii Macquart, 1838
12. Proctacanthus nearno Martin, 1962
13. Proctacanthus nigriventris Macquart, 1838
14. Proctacanthus nigrofemoratus Hine, 1911
15. Proctacanthus occidentalis Hine, 1911
16. Proctacanthus philadelphicus Macquart, 1838
17. Proctacanthus rodecki James, 1933
18. Proctacanthus rufus Williston, 1885

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

- female -

 
 
 

Unrecognized species: Proctacanthus arno Townsend, 1895 from Baja California.

	Segments of the abdomen thickly pilose on the sides, very large red species . . . . . Proctacanthus heros (Wiedemann, 1828) [KY, MS, VA, TN, AL, GA, FL]
	Abdomen pollinose or sparsely hairy, smaller species.

	Femora black, tibiae red, the colors strongly contrasting. Male abdomen largely red, female abdomen not red . . . . . Proctacanthus fulviventris Macquart, 1850 [FL, GA]
	Femora and tibiae of nearly the same color, so there is no strong contrast in colors.

	Abdomen red, except the first tergite and anterior border of the second.
	Abdomen in large part gray pollinose.

	Dorsum of the scutum uniformly brown to red. Hypopygium from above wide, enlarged, appandages longer than segments seven and eight combined . . . . . Proctacanthus hinei Bromley, 1928 [NM, NY, MA, PA, WV, VA, NC, OH, MI, IN, KY, TN, MO, AR, OK, TX, IL, CO, UT, FL, KS, ONT]
	Dorsum of scutum usually dark with black stripes and spots. Hypopygium small, narrower than the last segment, the appendages from above shorter than segments seven and eight combined . . . . . Proctacanthus rufus Williston, 1885 [NC, MA, IA, IL, IN, OH, PA, MO, AR, TX, MS, AL, GA, FL, TN, KY, SC, NC, NJ, KS]

	Cerci of ovipositor densely pilose, spines at tip small.
	Cerci of ovipositor sparsely hairy and with a circlet of enlarged spines at the tip.

	Wings nearly hyaline, many of the veins faintly margined with brownish . . . . . Proctacanthus occidentalis Hine, 1911 [CA, WA, OR, NV, ID, BCA]
	Rather small species, middle of the wing with a large dark colored patch . . . . . Proctacanthus coquillettii Hine, 1911 [CA, MEX, BCF, BCS]

	Wings hyaline or with only the veins margined with brown.
	Wings of a uniform brown all over.

	Scutellum with white bristles.
	Scutellum with black bristles.

	Fore femora red, hind femora reddish black. Hairs on scutum black and a few pale hairs at the posterior angles. Length 36-42 mm . . . . . Proctacanthus rodecki James, 1933 [CO, ND, SD, NE, NM, TX, OK, KS]
	Femora darker before than behind. Hairs on scutum predominantly white. Length 26-28 mm . . . . . Proctacanthus duryi Hine, 1911 [OH, IN, IL, MO, KS, KY, TN, AR, OK, TX]

	Wings clear hyaline. All the femora entirely black . . . . . Proctacanthus nigrofemoratus Hine, 1911 [MEX, CHA, USA, AZ, NM, TX]
	Wings with the veins margined with brown. At least the posterior sides of all the femora red.

	Male genitalia elongate, the appendages curved inward at the tips and enclosing an open space beyond the other parts . . . . . Proctacanthus nearno Martin, 1962 [AZ, CA, NV, UT, CO, KS, NM, TX, OR, ID, OK, MEX, BCF, BCS, COA, DUR, SLP, ZAC]
	Male genitalia short, appendages slightly longer than the other parts . . . . . Proctacanthus micans Schiner, 1867 [AZ, WY, KS, UT, AZ, CO, OK, TX, NM, MEX, CHA, COA, DUR, ZAC, SLP, AGU, JAL, PUA]

	Scutum with brown markings. Wings clear brown.
	Scutum with dark, nearly black, markings. Wings pale brown.

	Wings long and wide. Palpi with white hair. Two or three bristles on the front side of the hind femora besides those near the apex . . . . . Proctacanthus longus (Wiedemann, 1821) [GA, OK, TX, AR, LA, MS, TN, MS, AL, SC, NC, FL, VA]
	Wings rather short and narrow. Palpi with black hair. Four or five bristles on the front side of the hind femora besides those near the apex . . . . . Proctacanthus philadelphicus Macquart, 1838 [PA, ME, VT, NH, MA, NY, CT, WV, VA, NC, SC, NJ, MD, GA, QUE]

	Abdomen very dark, nearly black pollinose . . . . . Proctacanthus nigriventris Macquart, 1838 [PA, NY, MA, AL, MS, GA, SC, NC, VA, WV, NJ]
	Abdomen lighter, gray pollinose.

	Middorsal stripe on scutum gray pollinose and not plainly differentiated. Large stout species . . . . . Proctacanthus milbertii Macquart, 1838 [WA, ID, MT, WY, AZ, CO, NM, ND, SD, KS, OK, TX, MN, IA, MO, AR, LA, WI, IL, MS, MI, IN, KY, TN, AL, OH, WV, VA, NC, SC, GA, FL, PA, NY, VT, NH, ME, MA, CT, NJ, DE, MD, DC, RI, MEX, ALB, MAN, ONT, QUE, BCA]
	Middorsal stripe on scutum usually plainly plainly differentiated and not distictly pollinose.

	Femora uniformly reddish. Abdomen comparatively longer. Proboscis longer and more slender. Palpal hairs all white . . . . . Proctacanthus gracilis Bromley, 1928 [GA, FL, MS, AL, SC]
	Femora nearly black before and brown behind. Abdomen comparatively shorter. Proboscis shorter. Palpal hairs black . . . . . Proctacanthus brevipennis (Wiedemann, 1828) [KY, IL, NH, IN, OH, PA, NY, NH, MO, AR, OK, TX, MS, TN, AL, GA, FL, SC, NC, VA, MT, CO, KS, NA, IA, KS]

Contents: © Fritz Geller-Grimm, Jorge N. Artigas, 2007
Layout & images: © Fritz Geller-Grimm, 2007